Western title and escrow company - Appellant, Western Title Guaranty Company, filed a complaint in the Superior Court of Stanislaus County to recover taxes paid under protest. The court denied appellant relief and this appeal followed. Appellant is a title company engaged in business in the City of Modesto in the County of Stanislaus.

 
Escrow Officer at NEXTITLE. Jennifer Wolff is an Escrow Officer at NEXTITLE based in Bellevue, Washington. Previously, Jennifer was an Escrow Officer at Old Republic Title an d also held positions at Western Title, Equity Title Agency, NPI Boost Technologies, Ticor Title, Lawyers Title. Read More. View Contact Info for Free. Ageist

Western Title & Escrow Company Company Profile | Bend, OR | Competitors, Financials & Contacts - Dun & BradstreetContact Us If you have perused our website and require further information or direction to assist you, please complete the information below and we will immediately route your inquiry to the appropriate team. You may also reach us by phone, Monday through Friday during normal business hours. Tel: (541) 389-5751 Fax: (541) 330-1242 First NamePros. This is a company that truly makes you feel appreciated. They do nice little things for their employees all the time. They also created a great program for working from home during the pandemic and that carries through even today.Western Title & Escrow Company was founded in 1983 in Newport, Oregon. We presently have nine offices, serving six counties throughout Oregon and covering 19,600 square miles. We embody the spirit of Oregon with a deep commitment to community and service that leads with knowledge and integrity. Western Title & Escrow Company in Bend, OR. Western Title & Escrow Company was founded in 1983 in Newport, Oregon. We presently have nine offices, serving six counties throughout Oregon and covering 19,600 square miles. We embody the spirit of Oregon with a deep commitment to community and service that leads with knowledge and integrity. Our Mission is to provide each customer with A Superior ... Jul 8, 2023 · Western Title & Escrow provides title and escrow services that support real estate and lending professionals. The company was founded in 1876 and is headquartered in Bend, Oregon. Pros. This is a company that truly makes you feel appreciated. They do nice little things for their employees all the time. They also created a great program for working from home during the pandemic and that carries through even today.Western Resources Title is licensed by the California Department of Insurance to provide residential and commercial title insurance and escrow services in each of the state’s 58 counties. Western Resources Title Company stands apart by providing personal service that goes above and beyond client expectations in the title and escrow industry. Weston Title & Escrow is a trusted South Florida title company and escrow, serving Broward, Miami-Dade, Palm Beach Counties and Florida state since 1994 Skip to Content 954-384-6168 Meet the experts behind our company. Meet the folks who make it all happen. We care deeply about what we do every day. Our years of experience ensures that our employees are knowledgeable when it comes to their work and their clients. Feel free to contact any of us with questions about what we do and how we do it. Western Title & Escrow is a Real Estate company located in Newport, Oregon with $153.00 Million in revenue and 176 employees. Find top employees, contact details and business statistics at RocketReach. Western Title & Escrow Company was founded in 1983 in Newport, Oregon. We presently have nine offices, serving six counties throughout Oregon and covering 19,600 square miles. We embody the spirit of Oregon with a deep commitment to community and service that leads with knowledge and integrity.Western Title & Escrow Company in Bend, OR. Western Title & Escrow Company was founded in 1983 in Newport, Oregon. We presently have nine offices, serving six counties throughout Oregon and covering 19,600 square miles. We embody the spirit of Oregon with a deep commitment to community and service that leads with knowledge and integrity. Our Mission is to provide each customer with A Superior ...Western Resources Title is licensed by the California Department of Insurance to provide residential and commercial title insurance and escrow services in each of the state’s 58 counties. Western Resources Title Company stands apart by providing personal service that goes above and beyond client expectations in the title and escrow industry.About Us. With origins that can be traced back 150 years, Fidelity National Title Insurance Company, through its underwriting subsidiaries, is one of the nation's premier real estate service companies, providing title insurance and other real estate-related products and services. Fidelity employees are committed to providing our customers with ... The company has seasoned professionals in Searching, Examining, Title, Payoff, Resource Center, Escrow, and Management, with an overall average 22 years of experience in the business. Escrow, in basic terms, is the process in which an owner sells their property to a buyer with the aid of a disinterested third party. Western Title’s escrow officers act as that third-party, coordinating the sale between the buyer, seller, any real estate agents, lenders, and other involved professionals. The escrow officer will collect ...Specialties: Western Title & Escrow Company was founded in 1983 in Newport, Oregon. We presently have nine offices, serving six counties throughout Oregon and covering 19,600 square miles. We embody the spirit of Oregon with a deep commitment to community and service that leads with knowledge and integrity. Our Mission is to provide each customer with A Superior Closing Experience, from our ... Western Title & Escrow provides title and escrow services that support real estate and lending professionals. The company was founded in 1876 and is headquartered in Bend, Oregon.Meet the experts behind our company. Meet the folks who make it all happen. We care deeply about what we do every day. Our years of experience ensures that our employees are knowledgeable when it comes to their work and their clients. Feel free to contact any of us with questions about what we do and how we do it. Loading, please wait...WRT has been the best company I have worked with in my 23 years in the mortgage industry. Everyone on the team is responsive, helpful, knowledgeable, professional, and just all-around great people. My team and I could not ask for better partners for our business. Warm, cordial and professional. 10 out of 10.Location of This Business. 690 SW Higgins Ave Ste C, Missoula, MT 59803. BBB File Opened: 3/14/2021. Years in Business: 46. Business Started: 7/29/1977. Licensing Information:Pros. This is a company that truly makes you feel appreciated. They do nice little things for their employees all the time. They also created a great program for working from home during the pandemic and that carries through even today.About Us. With origins that can be traced back 150 years, Fidelity National Title Insurance Company, through its underwriting subsidiaries, is one of the nation's premier real estate service companies, providing title insurance and other real estate-related products and services. Fidelity employees are committed to providing our customers with ... Tera Schmeling. I have been in the title and escrow industry for about 8 years, prior to that I had about 5 years experience in banking, lending and investing after owning and operating our cafe/coffee shop, Brewed Awakening. Our family loves to spend time outdoors, we love to camp, we love being on the water in our boat and one of our favorite ...Specialties: Western Title & Escrow Company was founded in 1983 in Newport, Oregon. We presently have nine offices, serving six counties throughout Oregon and covering 19,600 square miles. We embody the spirit of Oregon with a deep commitment to community and service that leads with knowledge and integrity. Our Mission is to provide each customer with A Superior Closing Experience, from our ...Western Title & Escrow Profile and History . Western Title & Escrow provides title and escrow services that support real estate and lending professionals. The company was founded in 1876 and is headquartered in Bend, Oregon.get what you need. We are at the ready to provide custom data, marketing and service to support you at any time. Send us a note here and tell us how we can help you today. Connect. WESTERN. Welcome to Western Nevada Title Company, one of the most reputable real estate title firms of Churchill County, Nevada. We have been in the real estate industry since 1983, offering full title and escrow services. Our experienced, educated, and dedicated team of escrow and title officers is committed to providing the best services to ...About Us. With origins that can be traced back 150 years, Fidelity National Title Insurance Company, through its underwriting subsidiaries, is one of the nation's premier real estate service companies, providing title insurance and other real estate-related products and services. Fidelity employees are committed to providing our customers with ... Escrow, in basic terms, is the process in which an owner sells their property to a buyer with the aid of a disinterested third party. Western Title’s escrow officers act as that third-party, coordinating the sale between the buyer, seller, any real estate agents, lenders, and other involved professionals. The escrow officer will collect ...WESTERN. Welcome to Western Nevada Title Company, one of the most reputable real estate title firms of Churchill County, Nevada. We have been in the real estate industry since 1983, offering full title and escrow services. Our experienced, educated, and dedicated team of escrow and title officers is committed to providing the best services to ...The sale of our family home was handled by Western Title & Escrow. We have never received a final settlement statement for the sale of the home from October 19, 2020.Western Title & Escrow Company was founded in 1983 in Newport, Oregon. We presently have nine offices, serving six counties throughout Oregon and covering 19,600 square miles. We embody the spirit of Oregon with a deep commitment to community and service that leads with knowledge and integrity. Specialties: Western Title and Escrow was founded in 1983 in Newport, Oregon. We presently have nine offices, serving six counties throughout Oregon and covering 19,600 square miles. We embody the spirit of Oregon with a deep commitment to community and service that leads with knowledge and integrity. Our Mission is to provide each customer with A Superior Closing Experience, from our first ... Your real property transaction is in great hands with our team here at Western Title Company. Our escrow officers have over 140 years of combined experience in the business, while still staying on top of the ever changing technologies of our industry, such as e-closings.Branch (Required) Loan Number/Reference # Property Address Borrower Name Transaction Type: Purchase (Sale) Refinance At every turn, get what you need We are at the ready to provide custom data, marketing and service to support you at any time. Send us a note here and tell us how we can help you today. ConnectWestern Title corporate office is located in 10100 W Charleston Blvd Ste 170, Las Vegas, Nevada, 89135, United States and has 120 employees. western title co. western title. title service & escrow co. western title co inc. title service and escrow co. western title - yerington branch.Western Title & Escrow is located in Bend, Oregon, United States. Who are Western Title & Escrow 's competitors? Alternatives and possible competitors to Western Title & Escrow may include Insight Title Company , United Trust Escrow , and Hot Springs Title .At the time of the San Francisco earthquake and fire, employees of Western Title Insurance Company and their wives were credited with saving the title plant and other valuable records of the company. 1920 The original Western Title Insurance Company was formed. 1961 Fidelity National Title Insurance Company (FNTIC), a Nebraska corporation ...Western Title & Escrow is a Real Estate company located in Newport, Oregon with $153.00 Million in revenue and 176 employees. Find top employees, contact details and business statistics at RocketReach.Jul 9, 2023 · Escrow Officer at NEXTITLE. Jennifer Wolff is an Escrow Officer at NEXTITLE based in Bellevue, Washington. Previously, Jennifer was an Escrow Officer at Old Republic Title an d also held positions at Western Title, Equity Title Agency, NPI Boost Technologies, Ticor Title, Lawyers Title. Read More. View Contact Info for Free Jul 11, 2023 · Jessica Yozamp is a Real Estate Broker at Windermere Real Estate based in Seattle, Washington. Previously, Jessica was an Escrow Officer at Wester n Title & Escrow. Read More. View Contact Info for Free Contact Us If you have perused our website and require further information or direction to assist you, please complete the information below and we will immediately route your inquiry to the appropriate team. You may also reach us by phone, Monday through Friday during normal business hours. Tel: (541) 389-5751 Fax: (541) 330-1242 First NameWestern Title and Escrow was founded in 1983 in Newport, Oregon. We presently have nine offices, serving six counties throughout Oregon covering over 19,600 square miles. In each office you will find expert regional knowledge and an action-oriented team with an unparalleled ethic of care. We look forward to working with you. WTE BroadcastWESTERN PLAINS TITLE & ESCROW LLC is a New Mexico Domestic Limited-Liability Company filed on January 23, 2023. The company's filing status is listed as Active and its File Number is 7090552. The Registered Agent on file for this company is Janie L Hoffman and is located at 2819 State Highway 278, Tucumcari, NM 88401.Branch (Required) Loan Number/Reference # Property Address Borrower Name Transaction Type: Purchase (Sale) Refinance At every turn, get what you need We are at the ready to provide custom data, marketing and service to support you at any time. Send us a note here and tell us how we can help you today. ConnectWestern Title is where the SMART is. Western Title provides title and escrow services, and so much more. Western Title Company includes customer service, title officers, experienced commercial and residential escrow staff, business devel opment, and management, all of which are dedicated to serving the homebuyer and sellers needs. Each and ...Company profile page for Western Title & Escrow Co including stock price, company news, press releases, executives, board members, and contact information Western Title & Escrow Company was founded in 1983 in Newport, Oregon. We presently have nine offices, serving six counties throughout Oregon and covering 19,600 square miles. We embody the spirit of Oregon with a deep commitment to community and service that leads with knowledge and integrity.Specialties: Western Title and Escrow was founded in 1983 in Newport, Oregon. We presently have nine offices, serving six counties throughout Oregon and covering 19,600 square miles. We embody the spirit of Oregon with a deep commitment to community and service that leads with knowledge and integrity. Our Mission is to provide each customer with A Superior Closing Experience, from our first ...Your real property transaction is in great hands with our team here at Western Title Company. Our escrow officers have over 140 years of combined experience in the business, while still staying on top of the ever changing technologies of our industry, such as e-closings. Western Land Title Company. 34 A Summit St, Jackson, California 95642, United States. 209-223-0482. Open today. 08:30 pm – 03:00 pm.WESTERN PLAINS TITLE & ESCROW LLC is a New Mexico Domestic Limited-Liability Company filed on January 23, 2023. The company's filing status is listed as Active and its File Number is 7090552. The Registered Agent on file for this company is Janie L Hoffman and is located at 2819 State Highway 278, Tucumcari, NM 88401.Mar 13, 2023 · Western Title & Escrow provides title and escrow services that support real estate and lending professionals. The company was founded in 1876 and is headquartered in Bend, Oregon. Another title company we have used has a receptionist who answers the phone but that's where the human contact tends to end. From there it's usually to voicemail with the hope that you get a call back. Often hit or miss. Jolene's company actually values customers having direct contact with their closing officer. Excellent!Western Title's parent company, ET Investments, is based out of Colorado and manages multiple title and escrow companies in Colorado, Idaho, Nevada, Montana, Texas, and Wyoming. Click on the pictures below to find out more about Western Title's sister companies and ET Investments.Western Title & Escrow Company was founded in 1983 in Newport, Oregon. We presently have nine offices, serving six counties throughout Oregon and covering 19,600 square miles. We embody the spirit of Oregon with a deep commitment to community and service that leads with knowledge and integrity.Western Title & Escrow Company was founded in 1983 in Newport, Oregon. We presently have nine offices, serving six counties throughout Oregon and covering 19,600 square miles. We embody the spirit of Oregon with a deep commitment to community and service that leads with knowledge and integrity. Western Title & Escrow Company was founded in 1983 in Newport, Oregon. We presently have nine offices, serving six counties throughout Oregon and covering 19,600 square miles. We embody the spirit of Oregon with a deep commitment to community and service that leads with knowledge and integrity.Western Alaska Land Title Company. Agent for Stewart Title Guaranty Company . Feel free to contact us for a quote on fees and availability or to open an order. President: Devin Hurley. CEO: Timothy Hurley. Escrow Officers: Elycia Steenbergen and Sheila Long. Administrative: Brook Baldwin [email protected]. Phone: 907-486-4433 Fax: 907-486-5109 ... WESTERN TITLE & ESCROW COMPANY is a Washington Foreign Profit Corporation filed on January 16, 2003. The company's filing status is listed as Terminated and its File Number is 602263638. The company has 2 contacts on record. The contacts are AL Owen and George Slape.The American Land Title Association, founded in 1907, is the national trade association and voice of the abstract and title insurance industry. ALTA® members search, review and insure land titles to protect home buyers and mortgage lenders who invest in real estate. ALTA® is headquartered in Washington, DC. Western Title & Escrow Company was founded in 1983 in Newport, Oregon. We presently have nine offices, serving six counties throughout Oregon and covering 19,600 square miles. We embody the spirit of Oregon with a deep commitment to community and service that leads with knowledge and integrity.The American Land Title Association, founded in 1907, is the national trade association and voice of the abstract and title insurance industry. ALTA® members search, review and insure land titles to protect home buyers and mortgage lenders who invest in real estate. ALTA® is headquartered in Washington, DC.Your Full-Service Title Company. Western Reserve Title & Escrow Inc has spent years providing title services to Youngstown. The owner has been working in the title industry for over 15 years and is a licensed title agent. We work hard to provide owner's title insurance and real estate settlement services for our clients. We want to make the ...This acquisition gives Western Title the largest footprint of any title and escrow company in the state, according to a news release from the company, aiding 10 counties from eight locations. "Our companies share many of the same values, protecting property rights and enhancing the closing process," company President Sylvia Smith-Turk said in a ...The sale of our family home was handled by Western Title & Escrow. We have never received a final settlement statement for the sale of the home from October 19, 2020.Western Title & Escrow Company. Western Title & Escrow Company was founded in 1983 in Newport, Oregon. We presently have nine offices, serving six counties throughout Oregon and covering 19,600 square miles. We embody the spirit of Oregon with a deep commitment to community and service that leads with knowledge and integrity.1921 - Present102 years. Jackson, California. Western Land Title Company, Inc. was originally formed and incorporated in 1921 and is Amador County's only locally owned and operated title company ...Western Title & Escrow Company has a strong, supportive, and collaborative culture with an independent, family-owned-business "feel" and the backing of a Fortune 500 company. All employees have a voice and our professional growth is clearly a priority. I really like this company and my coworkers! WRT has been the best company I have worked with in my 23 years in the mortgage industry. Everyone on the team is responsive, helpful, knowledgeable, professional, and just all-around great people. My team and I could not ask for better partners for our business. Warm, cordial and professional. 10 out of 10.Western Title & Escrow Company was founded in 1983 in Newport, Oregon. We presently have nine offices, serving six counties throughout Oregon and covering 19,600 square miles. We embody the spirit of Oregon with a deep commitment to community and service that leads with knowledge and integrity. Your Full-Service Title Company. Western Reserve Title & Escrow Inc has spent years providing title services to Youngstown. The owner has been working in the title industry for over 15 years and is a licensed title agent. We work hard to provide owner's title insurance and real estate settlement services for our clients. We want to make the ...Western Title & Escrow offers detailed county, neighborhood and property information that is customized for your analysis and presentation. Below please find valuable resource links for Douglas County. If you require a presentation or report that aggregates multiple data sets, please contact our customer service team.Western Reserve Title and Escrow, Inc., Youngstown, Ohio. 70 likes · 20 were here. Full service title company located in Boardman Ohio. We are licensed to close real estate transactio/ Western Title & Escrow Company; Western Title & Escrow Company. Website. Get a D&B Hoovers Free Trial. Overview Feb 20, 2023 · Tera Schmeling. I have been in the title and escrow industry for about 8 years, prior to that I had about 5 years experience in banking, lending and investing after owning and operating our cafe/coffee shop, Brewed Awakening. Our family loves to spend time outdoors, we love to camp, we love being on the water in our boat and one of our favorite ... About Us. With origins that can be traced back 150 years, Fidelity National Title Insurance Company, through its underwriting subsidiaries, is one of the nation's premier real estate service companies, providing title insurance and other real estate-related products and services. Fidelity employees are committed to providing our customers with ... Western Title & Escrow Company was founded in 1983 in Newport, Oregon. We presently have nine offices, serving six counties throughout Oregon and covering 19,600 square miles. We embody the spirit of Oregon with a deep commitment to community and service that leads with knowledge and integrity.Your real property transaction is in great hands with our team here at Western Title Company. Our escrow officers have over 140 years of combined experience in the business, while still staying on top of the ever changing technologies of our industry, such as e-closings.Western Title & Escrow Company. Western Title & Escrow Company was founded in 1983 in Newport, Oregon. We presently have nine offices, serving six counties throughout Oregon and covering 19,600 square miles. We embody the spirit of Oregon with a deep commitment to community and service that leads with knowledge and integrity.Only a full title report will provide you with all encumbrances affecting your property including any CC&R’s or Homeowner Association by-laws. Western Title & Escrow Co. makes no express or implied warranty respecting the information presented and assumes no responsibility for its use. County. Subdivision.Fidelity National Financial (FNF), a leading provider of title insurance and settlement services, acquired Western Title & Escrow Company on July 5, 2016. The company will continue to market itself as Western Title & Escrow Company and the existing employee base will remain with the company. Former owners, George Slape and Dan Slape, will soon ...WESTERN TITLE & ESCROW COMPANY is a Washington Foreign Profit Corporation filed on January 16, 2003. The company's filing status is listed as Terminated and its File Number is 602263638. The company has 2 contacts on record. The contacts are AL Owen and George Slape.Appellant, Western Title Guaranty Company, filed a complaint in the Superior Court of Stanislaus County to recover taxes paid under protest. The court denied appellant relief and this appeal followed. Appellant is a title company engaged in business in the City of Modesto in the County of Stanislaus.Specialties: Western Title and Escrow was founded in 1983 in Newport, Oregon. We presently have nine offices, serving six counties throughout Oregon and covering 19,600 square miles. We embody the spirit of Oregon with a deep commitment to community and service that leads with knowledge and integrity. Our Mission is to provide each customer with A Superior Closing Experience, from our first ...

Western Title & Escrow. Mar 2017 - Present6 years 7 months. Eugene, Oregon Area. Western Title & Escrow embodies the spirit of Oregon with a deep commitment to community, and service that leads .... Ranking_programming_languages_by_energy_efficiency_evaluation.ods

western title and escrow company

Western Title & Escrow Company was founded in 1983 in Newport, Oregon. We presently have nine offices, serving six counties throughout Oregon and covering 19,600 square miles. We embody the spirit of Oregon with a deep commitment to community and service that leads with knowledge and integrity. Western Title's parent company, ET Investments, is based out of Colorado and manages multiple title and escrow companies in Colorado, Idaho, Nevada, Montana, Texas, and Wyoming. Click on the pictures below to find out more about Western Title's sister companies and ET Investments.Yvonne Ward. I am a native Oregonian, born and raised in Brownsville, OR. I met my husband and we married in 1980. We have 4 children between us and 7 grandchildren. I have been in the title and escrow business for 40 plus years by working my way up from the bottom through all the facets of the title and escrow industry.Specialties: Western Title & Escrow Company was founded in 1983 in Newport, Oregon. We presently have nine offices, serving six counties throughout Oregon and covering 19,600 square miles. We embody the spirit of Oregon with a deep commitment to community and service that leads with knowledge and integrity. Our Mission is to provide each customer with A Superior Closing Experience, from our ... Western Title & Escrow is a locally owned and operated company that has been serving the Missoula Community since 1977 with complete closing and title services. For 22 years, WT&E has represented Commonwealth Land Title Insurance Company which was established in 1876 and the first title insurance company in the United States.The company has seasoned professionals in Searching, Examining, Title, Payoff, Resource Center, Escrow, and Management, with an overall average 22 years of experience in the business. Western Title, Nevada's sixth oldest company specializing in title and escrow, has 2 offices in the Las Vegas Valley.Western Title is an independently owned and operated title insurance and escrow services company in Lubbock. We are backed by 6 reputable underwriters, we have an in-house title plant and much more. Rep/Contact InfoWestern Title & Escrow Co - Company Profile and News - Bloomberg Markets Bloomberg Connecting decision makers to a dynamic network of information, people and ideas, Bloomberg quickly and...The American Land Title Association, founded in 1907, is the national trade association and voice of the abstract and title insurance industry. ALTA® members search, review and insure land titles to protect home buyers and mortgage lenders who invest in real estate. ALTA® is headquartered in Washington, DC.WESTERN. Welcome to Western Nevada Title Company, one of the most reputable real estate title firms of Churchill County, Nevada. We have been in the real estate industry since 1983, offering full title and escrow services. Our experienced, educated, and dedicated team of escrow and title officers is committed to providing the best services to ... Western Title & Escrow is located in Bend, Oregon, United States. Who are Western Title & Escrow 's competitors? Alternatives and possible competitors to Western Title & Escrow may include Insight Title Company , United Trust Escrow , and Hot Springs Title . 1921 - Present102 years. Jackson, California. Western Land Title Company, Inc. was originally formed and incorporated in 1921 and is Amador County's only locally owned and operated title company ... Western Title & Escrow Company. Western Title & Escrow Company was founded in 1983 in Newport, Oregon. We presently have nine offices, serving six counties throughout Oregon and covering 19,600 square miles. We embody the spirit of Oregon with a deep commitment to community and service that leads with knowledge and integrity.Western Title & Escrow Company was founded in 1983 in Newport, Oregon. We presently have nine offices, serving six counties throughout Oregon and covering 19,600 square miles. We embody the spirit of Oregon with a deep commitment to community and service that leads with knowledge and integrity.Western Alaska Land Title Company. Agent for Stewart Title Guaranty Company . Feel free to contact us for a quote on fees and availability or to open an order. President: Devin Hurley. CEO: Timothy Hurley. Escrow Officers: Elycia Steenbergen and Sheila Long. Administrative: Brook Baldwin [email protected]. Phone: 907-486-4433 Fax: 907-486-5109 ...Western Title & Escrow Company was founded in 1983 in Newport, Oregon. We presently have nine offices, serving six counties throughout Oregon and covering 19,600 square miles. We embody the spirit of Oregon with a deep commitment to community and service that leads with knowledge and integrity. Specialties: Western Title and Escrow was founded in 1983 in Newport, Oregon. We presently have nine offices, serving six counties throughout Oregon and covering 19,600 square miles. We embody the spirit of Oregon with a deep commitment to community and service that leads with knowledge and integrity. Our Mission is to provide each customer with A Superior Closing Experience, from our first ....

Popular Topics